Faculty of Arts
- Cook Islands Maori
- What is a Pakeha?
- Maori 1 2007
- Maori 2 2007
- Pacific Englishes
- Dutch
- Pasifika Communities 1
- NZ Europeans
- Census Wk 2.1
- Dutch
- Chinese
- Introduction
- Identity Lecture 1
- Language & Maintenance Shift
- Identity
- Census Wk 2.2
- Japanese
- Greek
- Language & Identity
- NZ Populations
- Course Outline
- NZ Europeans and NZE
- Tongan Community
- Lecture Topics
- NZ English
- NZ Greek Community
- Korean
- English Language & identity
- Maori Identity
- Pasifika Communities
- Europeans
- Links
- Korean II
- Niuean Community
- References
- Pakeha
- Assessment
- Maori Identity
- Readings
- Exam Preparation
- Asian Communities
- Globalisation
- NZ Regional Variation
- NZ Sign Language
History
Pre-1840 Maori language of NZ
1867 Native Schools Act decrees English language of schools
1913 90 per cent of Maori school children native speakers of Maori
1920s Sir Apirana Ngata lectures communities about declining Maori language use
1961 Hunn Report describes Maori as a relic language
1970s Maori urban groups express concern about their language
1973-1978 NZCER national survey
70,000 fluent speakers, most elderly
History 2
Ruatoki School becomes first bilingual school in New Zealand
Te Ataarangi movement
Kohanga reo movement
First kura kaupapa Maori established
Education Amendment Act formally recognizes Maori medium education
54 Kura Kapapa Maori
Studies on Maori Language
Richard Benton (NZCER)
Mary Boyce
National Maori Survey
Arapera Ngaha
TPK (Te Puni Kokiri) Reports
NZCER
Focus: when and where Maori spoken
Random Sample
Two communities still essentially Maori speaking: Ruatoki and Matawaia
Positive Maori attitudes
Domains of Use
Work
School
Community (Marae)
Church
Home
Boyce on Social Networks
Networks and reported language use largely insignificant
Language Used –Urban (Ngaha 2001)
Maori only 29%
Mixture 49%
English only 15%
No response 7%
Language Heard (Ngaha 2001)
Rural Urban
Marae 83% 73%
G’parent Home 50% 70%
Marae Meeting 75% 67%
Church Service 75% 57%
Relaxing 58% 53%
Urban Responses
Always Heard 30%
Very Often Heard 11%
Sometimes Heard 13%
Hardly Ever Heard 9%
Never Heard 24%
No Response 13%
Attitudes (Ngaha 2001)
Speaking Maori will not help you get a job (A=20%)
To my parents, learning English was most important to me (A=73%)
Pakeha attitudes (TPK 2002)
615 Maori/725 non-Maori
Maori
Cultural developers 68%
Maori only 20%
Uninterested 12%
Non-Maori
Passive Supporters 49%
English only 12%
Uninterested 39%
